Gaps in the political information consumption in Chile: television, press, and social media (2011-2019)

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-48672022000100077

Abstract

Information on political affairs is one of the critical factors in democratic life in Western countries. However, we know little about those most exposed to this type of content in Chile. The following article uses data from public opinion surveys collected between 2011 and 2019 (n = 12,485) to observe the sociodemographic, socioeconomic, and motivational gaps in the consumption of political information at an individual level. The analysis will focus on television, the press, and social media. The results show gender, age, educational, and motivational differences in this practice across the three media. However, these differences vary according to the type of medium.

Palabras Clave

media consumption , public affairs , television , press , Facebook , Twitter
  • Pages: 77-109
  • Date Published: 2022-04-14
  • Vol. 15 No. 1 (2022): January - June

AALBERG, T., BLEKESAUNE, A., & ELVESTAD, E. (2013). Media Choice and Informed Democracy:Toward Increasing News Consumption Gaps in Europe? The International Journal of Press/Politics, 18(3), pp. 281-303.

https://doi.org/10.1177/1940161213485990

AGÌERO, F., TIRONI, E., VALENZUELA, E., & SUNKEL, G. (1998). Votantes, partidos e información política: la frágil intermediación política en el Chile post-autoritario. Revista de ciencia política (Santiago), 2(19), pp. 159 - 193.

http://ojs.uc.cl/index.php/rcp/article/view/7050

AHMADI, M., & WOHN, D. Y. (2018). The Antecedents of Incidental News Exposure on Social Media. Social Media + Society, 4(2), pp. 1-8.

https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305118772827

ARRIAGADA, A., & NAVIA, P. (2009). La televisión y la democracia en Chile, 1988-2008. En Rodríguez, C. & Moreira, C. (Eds.), Comunicación política y democratización en Iberoamérica (pp. 196-194). Editorial FLACSO.

ARRIAGADA, A., NAVIA, P., & SCHUSTER, M. (2010). ¿Consumo luego pienso, o pienso y luego consumo? Consumo de medios, predisposición política, percepción económica y aprobación presidencial en Chile. Revista de Ciencia Política, 30(3), pp. 669-695. https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-090x2010000300005

ARRIAGADA, A., & SCHUSTER, M. (2008). Consumo de medios y participación ciudadana de los jóvenes chilenos [Medios de comunicación; participación ciudadana; consumo de medios; jóvenes en Chile; media communication; citizenship participation; Chilean youth; media consumption.]. Cuadernos.info, 22(1), pp. 34-41.

https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.7764/cdi.22.87

BARGSTED, M., SOMMA, N. M., & MUÑOZ-ROJAS, B. (2019). Participación electoral en Chile. Una aproximación de edad, período y cohorte [Electoral Turnout in Chile: An Age-Period-Cohort Approach]. Revista de ciencia política (Santiago), 39, pp. 75-98. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-090X2019000100075

BENESCH, C. (2012). An Empirical Analysis of the Gender Gap in News Consumption. Journal of Media Economics, 25(3), pp. 147-167.

https://doi.org/10.1080/08997764.2012.700976

BERGSTRÖM, A., STRÖMBÄCK, J., & ARKHEDE, S. (2019). Towards rising inequalities in newspaper and television news consumption? A longitudinal analysis, 2000–2016. European Journal of Communication, 34(2), pp. 175-189.

https://doi.org/10.1177/0267323119830048

BOULIANNE, S. (2011). Stimulating or Reinforcing Political Interest: Using Panel Data to Examine Reciprocal Effects Between News Media and Political Interest. Political Communication, 28(2), pp. 147-162.

https://doi.org/10.1080/10584609.2010.540305

____ (2015). Social media use and participation: a meta-analysis of current research. Information, Communication & Society, 18(5), pp. 524-538.

https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2015.1008542

BOULIANNE, S., & THEOCHARIS, Y. (2020). Young People, Digital Media, and Engagement: A Meta-Analysis of Research. Social Science Computer Review, 38(2), pp. 111-127. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894439318814190

BRUNS, A. (2015). Making Sense of Society Through Social Media. Social Media + Society, 1(1), pp. 1-2. https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305115578679

CHAN, T.W., & GOLDTHORPE, J.H. (2007). Social Status and Newspaper Readership. American Journal of Sociology, 112(4), pp. 1095-1134.

https://doi.org/10.1086/508792

CONSEJO NACIONAL DE TELEVISIÓN (2018). Resumen histórico Encuesta Nacional de Televisión. CNTV. http://www.cntv.cl

____ (2021). 10ma Encuesta Nacional de Telelvisión. Principales Resultados. CNTV. https://www.cntv.cl/estudios-y-estadisticas/encuesta-nacional-de-television/

CORDERO, R., & MARÍN, C. (2006). Los medios masivos y la transformación de la esfera pública en Chile. Persona y Sociedad, 19(3), pp. 233-258.

https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=2065667

CORREA, T., & VALENZUELA, S. (2021). A trend study in the stratification of social media use among urban youth: Chile 2009-2019. Journal of Quantitative Description: Digital Media, 1, pp. 1-43. https://doi.org/10.51685/jqd.2021.009

ELVESTAD, E., BLEKESAUNE, A., & AALBERG, T. (2014). The Polarized News Audience? A Longitudinal Study of News-Seekers and News-Avoiders in Europe. SSRN, 1, pp. 1-25. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2469713

FLETCHER, R., & NIELSEN, R. K. (2018). Are people incidentally exposed to news on social media? A comparative analysis. New Media & Society, 20(7), pp. 2450-2468. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444817724170

GONZÁLEZ, R., & MUÑOZ, E. (2018). Ni la tele, ni la radio, ni mañana en los diarios: Consumo de información política en Chile. CEP.

https://www.cepchile.cl/cep/puntos-de-referencia/puntos-de-referencia-2010-2020/puntos-de-referencia-2018/ni-la-tele-ni-la-radio-ni-manana-en-los-diarios-consumo-de

GRASSAU, D. (2016). El efecto de Agenda Setting en la opinión pública: recorrido teórico, vigencia y desafíos de la teoría. Cuadernos ISUC, 2(1), pp. 1-22. https://repositorio.uc.cl/xmlui/handle/11534/37380

GRASSAU, D., VALENZUELA, S., BACHMANN, I., LABARCA, C., MUJICA, C., HALPERN, D., & PUENTE, S. (2019). Uso y evaluación de los medios de comunicación y las redes sociales durante el estallido social en Chile. Facultad de Comunicación, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. http://bit.ly/EncuestaMediosFComUC

LIVINGSTONE, S., & MARKHAM, T. (2008). The contribution of media consumption to civic participation1. The British Journal of Sociology, 59(2), pp. 351-371. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-4446.2008.00197.x

MARÍN, C., & CORDERO, R. (2009). Medios masivos, opinión pública y transformaciones en la democracia. En Cordero, R. (Ed.), La Sociedad de la Opinión (pp. 251-279). Ediciones Universidad Diego Portales.

MCCOMBS, M. (2006). Estableciendo la agenda. El impacto de los medios en la opinión pública y el conocimiento. Paidós.

NAVIA, P., & ULRIKSEN, C. (2017). Tuiteo, luego voto. El efecto del consumo de medios de comunicación y uso de redes sociales en la participación electoral en Chile en 2009 y 2013. Cuadernos.info, (40), pp. 71-88. https://doi.org/10.7764/cdi.40.1049

NEWMAN, N., FLETCHER, R., SCHULZ, A., ANDI, S., & NIELSEN, R. K. (2021). Digital News Report 2020. University of Oxford.

OHLSSON, J., LINDELL, J., & ARKHEDE, S. (2017). A matter of cultural distinction: News consumption in the online media landscape. European Journal of Communication, 32(2), pp. 116-130. https://doi.org/10.1177/0267323116680131

SALZMAN, R. (2011). News media consumption in Latin America: Who does it. Journal of Spanish Language Media, 4, pp. 23-39.

____ (2015). News Media Consumption and Political Behavior in Latin America. Journal of Politics in Latin America, 7(2), pp. 71-98.

https://doi.org/10.1177/1866802x1500700203

SANTOS, T., LOUÇÃ, J., & COELHO, H. (2019). The digital transformation of the public sphere. Systems Research and Behavioral Science, 36(6), pp. 778-788.

https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/sres.2644

SCHERMAN, A., ARRIAGADA, A., & VALENZUELA, S. (2013). La protesta en la era de las redes sociales: el caso chileno. En Arriagada, A. & Navia, P. (Eds.), Intermedios. Medios de comunicación y democracia en Chiles (pp. 181-199). Ediciones UDP.

____ (2015). Student and Environmental Protests in Chile: The Role of Social Media. Politics, 35(2), pp. 151-171. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9256.12072

SHEHATA, A., & STRÖMBÄCK, J. (2011). A Matter of Context: A Comparative Study of Media Environments and News Consumption Gaps in Europe. Political Communication, 28(1), pp. 110-134.

https://doi.org/10.1080/10584609.2010.543006

____ (2013). Not (Yet) a New Era of Minimal Effects: A Study of Agenda Setting at the Aggregate and Individual Levels. The International Journal of Press/Politics, 18(2), pp. 234-255. https://doi.org/10.1177/1940161212473831

SKORIC, M., ZHU, Q., GOH, D., & PANG, N. (2016). Social media and citizen engagement: A meta-analytic review. New Media & Society, 18(9), pp. 1817-1839. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444815616221

Subscretaría de Telecomunicaciones (2017). IX Encuesta de Acceso y Usos de Internet. SUBTEL. http://www.subtel.cl

UDP-FEEDBACK COMUNICACIONES (2020). 12va Encuesta de Jóvenes, Participación y Medios (2009-2020). Ciclos UDP. https://ciclos.udp.cl/proyectos/encuesta-de-jovenes-participacion-y-medios/

VALENZUELA, S. (2013). Unpacking the Use of Social Media for Protest Behavior:The Roles of Information, Opinion Expression, and Activism. American Behavioral Scientist, 57(7), pp. 920-942. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002764213479375

VALENZUELA, S., & ARRIAGADA, A. (2011). Politics without Citizens? Public Opinion, Television News, the President, and Real-World Factors in Chile, 2000-2005. The International Journal of Press/Politics, 16(3), pp. 357-381.

https://doi.org/10.1177/1940161210379636

VALENZUELA, S., ARRIAGADA, A., & SCHERMAN, A. (2012). The Social Media Basis of Youth Protest Behavior: The Case of Chile. Journal of Communication, 62(2), pp. 299-314. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2012.01635.x

____ (2014). Facebook, Twitter, and Youth Engagement: A Quasi-experimental Study of Social Media Use and Protest Behavior Using Propensity Score Matching. International Journal of Communication, 8, pp. 2046–2070. https://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/2022/1189

VALIDA (2018). Boletín de Circulación y Lectura 1er Semestre 2018. Valida. http://200.91.40.166/valida/boletin-de-circulacion-y-lectura-diarios-y-revistas-1-semestre-2018/2018-10-08/135127.html

WORLD BANK (2021). Individuals using the Internet (% of population) - Latin America & The Caribbean.

https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/IT.NET.USER.ZS?locations=ZJ

Similar Articles

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Published

2022-04-14

How to Cite

Gómez Contreras, M., & González López, F. (2022). Gaps in the political information consumption in Chile: television, press, and social media (2011-2019). Perspectivas De La Comunicación, 15(1), 77–109. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-48672022000100077

Issue

Section

Original Articles

Similar Articles

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.