Paradigmatic trends and conversational techniques in qualitative research in Social Sciences
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Jorge B. Ulloa Martínez
jorge.ulloa@ufrontera.cl
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Rodolfo E. Mardones Barrera
rodolfo.mardones.b@gmail.com
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Abstract
This paper presents the results of empirical research that seeks to describe the qualitative scientific work of high impact analysis through three journals indexed in the Scopus database between 2013-2015. For this purpose, a corpus of 186 publications was built reporting research proposals and/or empirical research. Emphasis was placed on analyzing the authors' paradigmatic position, explaining and justifying study objectives, and using qualitative conversational techniques in their broad range, such as in-depth interviews, life histories, focus groups, and discussion groups.
The results show that most of the articles reviewed do not openly declare the paradigm from which they are positioned. In addition, a multiplicity of conversational techniques is observed, in which the use of interviews stands out.
It is concluded that the ascription to some paradigm is not a determining issue when reporting results, since these are part of larger studies or, because of their structure they are more pragmatic. Moreover, among those who declare research paradigms, a constructivist position prevails. On the other hand, the use of conversational techniques varies according to the objectives of each research, presenting in a broad spectrum, the use of interviews predominates, and the focus groups and discussion groups are used interchangeably.
Palabras Clave
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